Ephrata, Washington
Ephrata, Washington | |
|---|---|
 Grant County Courthouse in Ephrata, pictured in 2008 | |
 Location of Ephrata, Washington | |
| Coordinates: 47°19′1″N 119°32′53″W / 47.31694°N 119.54806°W | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Washington |
| County | Grant |
| Government | |
| • Type | Mayor–council[1] |
| • Mayor | Bruce Reim[2] |
| Area | |
• Total | 10.44 sq mi (27.03 km2) |
| • Land | 10.44 sq mi (27.03 km2) |
| • Water | 0.00 sq mi (0.00 km2) |
| Elevation | 1,276 ft (389 m) |
| Population | |
• Total | 8,477 |
• Estimate (2021)[5] | 8,477 |
| • Density | 779.61/sq mi (301.00/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC-8 (PST) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC-7 (PDT) |
| ZIP Code | 98823 |
| Area code | 509 |
| FIPS code | 53-22080 |
| GNIS feature ID | 1512192[6] |
| Website | ephrata.org |
Ephrata (/iːˈfreɪtə/ ee-FRAY-tə) is a city in and the county seat of Grant County, Washington, United States. Its population was 8,477 at the 2020 census.[4][7]
History
[edit]Ephrata was officially incorporated on June 21, 1909 and was given the county seat for the newly created Grant County.[8]
The settlement of Ephrata is quite recent. There was no known settlement until 1886, just three years before Washington gained statehood. The horse rancher Frank Beezley was the first to settle near the natural springs, thus the area was known as Beezley Springs. As the climate and topography were not promising to settlement, the entire region remained sparsely populated until several federal congressional actions, including the Northern Pacific Land Grant Act, the Homestead Act, and Desert Claims Act, encouraged the settlement of this semi-arid desert-like area. Originally, Douglas County spread over the entire territory of the Big Bend of the Columbia River. In 1909, the Washington State legislature divided it, creating Grant County. When the time came to present arguments to the state legislature regarding which town should be the county seat, someone apparently intentionally intoxicated the representative of a rival community, and Ephrata was chosen.[9]
It is generally believed that the city was named Ephrata by a man who worked for the Great Northern Railway. The name Ephrata is derived from a biblical description of an orchard in the middle of the desert. It is also the ancient name for the town of Bethlehem.
The region was known at the turn of the century for the great herds of wild horses that roamed the land. Horse trading was an important element of the local economy, and Ephrata served as the staging area for the horse round-ups. The last "Grand Horse Round-up" was held in Ephrata in 1906. Ephrata then developed as a trade and service center for cattle and sheep ranches in the area until the construction of the Columbia Basin Reclamation Project.
In 1939, one of the state's longest runways was built at Ephrata Municipal Airport and served the U.S. Army Air Corps until 1945, when the field was turned into a commercial airport. The airport and hangars were used in Steven Spielberg's 1989 film Always, the final movie to feature Audrey Hepburn.
Ephrata was in the national spotlight in a segment on 60 Minutes II after the 2003 murder of Craig Sorger by Evan Savoie and Jake Eakin. The two accused were the youngest defendants in state history to be tried as adults.[10]
Grant County Public Utility District has its headquarters located in Ephrata.
Columbia Basin Irrigation Project
[edit]Beginning in July 1918, several prominent Ephrata residents started the promotion of a plan to redirect waters of the Columbia River in order to irrigate the dry but fertile soils of the Big Bend country. Labeled "The Dam University", Ephrata residents persistently lobbied at the local, state, and federal levels to gather support for the project. Initial funding for the Grand Coulee Dam was through the Public Works Administration created under Franklin Roosevelt's promise of a "New Deal" in 1933. However, the irrigation waters would not be released as the nation focused on ending World War II during the 1940s. During this era, Grand Coulee Dam's main mission was to produce electricity for the Hanford Reservation and for aluminum manufacturing, vital to military aircraft production. When the war ended, the Project returned to its original mission, to irrigate the desert.
Population growth
[edit]The construction of the Irrigation Project and the military activity increased the population of Ephrata by a factor of eight between 1940 and 1960. As the federal projects phased out, the town experienced a population decrease of 22% between 1960 and 1975. The population stabilized between 1975 and 1982, with a slight decrease between 1980 and 1990. The city has seen steady population growth since 1990. The present population is 7,110.
Geography and climate
[edit]Ephrata is located at 47°19′1″N 119°32′53″W / 47.31694°N 119.54806°W (47.316971, −119.548059).[11]
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 10.09 square miles (26.13 km2), all of it land.[12]
Ephrata has a semi-arid climate (Köppen BSk).
| Climate data for Ephrata, Washington | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °F (°C) | 61 (16) |
65 (18) |
75 (24) |
94 (34) |
101 (38) |
116 (47) |
109 (43) |
115 (46) |
106 (41) |
86 (30) |
72 (22) |
63 (17) |
116 (47) |
| Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 33.9 (1.1) |
42.1 (5.6) |
53.1 (11.7) |
62.8 (17.1) |
72.6 (22.6) |
80.3 (26.8) |
88.8 (31.6) |
87.3 (30.7) |
78.2 (25.7) |
62.8 (17.1) |
45.1 (7.3) |
35.0 (1.7) |
61.8 (16.6) |
| Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 21.3 (−5.9) |
26.5 (−3.1) |
32.4 (0.2) |
38.8 (3.8) |
47.5 (8.6) |
55.0 (12.8) |
61.5 (16.4) |
59.9 (15.5) |
51.4 (10.8) |
40.0 (4.4) |
30.0 (−1.1) |
23.1 (−4.9) |
40.6 (4.8) |
| Record low °F (°C) | −22 (−30) |
−24 (−31) |
2 (−17) |
21 (−6) |
28 (−2) |
33 (1) |
40 (4) |
36 (2) |
28 (−2) |
8 (−13) |
−15 (−26) |
−21 (−29) |
−24 (−31) |
| Average precipitation inches (mm) | 0.91 (23) |
0.68 (17) |
0.68 (17) |
0.51 (13) |
0.60 (15) |
0.60 (15) |
0.32 (8.1) |
0.23 (5.8) |
0.32 (8.1) |
0.53 (13) |
0.98 (25) |
1.16 (29) |
7.53 (191) |
| Average snowfall inches (cm) | 5.9 (15) |
2.7 (6.9) |
1.0 (2.5) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
2.2 (5.6) |
6.8 (17) |
18.6 (47) |
| Source: Desert Research Institute[13] | |||||||||||||
Demographics
[edit]| Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1910 | 323 | — | |
| 1920 | 628 | 94.4% | |
| 1930 | 516 | −17.8% | |
| 1940 | 951 | 84.3% | |
| 1950 | 4,589 | 382.5% | |
| 1960 | 6,548 | 42.7% | |
| 1970 | 5,255 | −19.7% | |
| 1980 | 5,359 | 2.0% | |
| 1990 | 5,349 | −0.2% | |
| 2000 | 6,808 | 27.3% | |
| 2010 | 7,664 | 12.6% | |
| 2020 | 8,477 | 10.6% | |
| 2021 (est.) | 8,477 | [5] | 0.0% |
| U.S. Decennial Census[14] 2020 Census[4] | |||
2010 census
[edit]As of the 2010 census,[15] there were 7,664 people, 2,856 households, and 1,915 families residing in the city. The population density was 759.6 inhabitants per square mile (293.3/km2). There were 3,086 housing units at an average density of 305.8 per square mile (118.1/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 84.1% White, 0.8% African American, 1.1% Native American, 1.3% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 9.5% from other races, and 3.1% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 16.7% of the population.
There were 2,856 households, of which 36.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 49.6% were married couples living together, 12.6% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.8% had a male householder with no wife present, and 32.9% were non-families. 28.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.57 and the average family size was 3.14.
The median age in the city was 34.7 years. 27.4% of residents were under the age of 18; 9.4% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 25% were from 25 to 44; 23.6% were from 45 to 64; and 14.6% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 49.7% male and 50.3% female.
2000 census
[edit]As of the 2000 census, there were 6,808 people, 2,561 households, and 1,776 families residing in the city. The population density was 683.0 people per square mile (263.6/km2). There were 2,788 housing units at an average density of 279.7 per square mile (108.0/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 90.64% White, 0.40% African American, 0.71% Native American, 0.72% Asian, 0.12% Pacific Islander, 5.32% from other races, and 2.10% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 10.30% of the population.
There were 2,561 households, out of which 35.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.5% were married couples living together, 10.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.7% were non-families. 27.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.56 and the average family size was 3.09.
In the city, the age distribution of the population shows 28.9% under the age of 18, 8.0% from 18 to 24, 26.9% from 25 to 44, 20.1% from 45 to 64, and 16.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.5 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $35,060, and the median income for a family was $43,500. Males had a median income of $38,571 versus $26,320 for females. The per capita income for the city was $17,929. About 8.7% of families and 12.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 16.0% of those under age 18 and 10.0% of those age 65 or over.
Schools
[edit]Elementary schools
[edit]- Columbia Ridge Elementary
- Grant Elementary
Intermediate schools
[edit]- Parkway Intermediate School
Middle schools
[edit]- Ephrata Middle School
Private schools
[edit]- New Life Christian School
- St. Rose Of Lima Catholic School
High schools
[edit]- Ephrata High School
Transportation
[edit]Ephrata is bisected by State Route 28, which travels west to Wenatchee and east to Soap Lake and Davenport. The highway also intersects State Route 282 in Ephrata, which connects to State Route 17 for onward travel towards Moses Lake.[16] The city has a public use airport, Ephrata Municipal Airport, that is used for limited cargo operations and general aviation.[17]
The BNSF Railway's Columbia River Subdivision travels through Ephrata and is primarily used for freight.[citation needed] These tracks also carry the Empire Builder, an Amtrak passenger train that stops in the city at Ephrata station.[18] The Grant Transit Authority operates bus service in Ephrata that connects to Soap Lake and Moses Lake.[18][19]
Notable people
[edit]- Danica Dart, racing driver
- Ken Dow, professional American football player
- Thomas Jesse Drumheller, lawyer and sheep rancher
- Shane Johnson, actor
- Robert K. Preston, helicopter pilot and perpetrator of 1974 White House helicopter incident[20]
- Bobby Rich, radio broadcaster[21]
- Craig Sorger, murder victim[22]
- Baxter Ward, TV news anchor[23]
- Jim Wickwire, mountaineer and lawyer[24]
Notes
[edit]- ^ "Municipal Codes". City of Ephrata. Retrieved April 10, 2022.
- ^ "City Council". City of Ephrata. Retrieved April 10, 2022.
- ^ "2019 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved August 7, 2020.
- ^ a b c "Explore Census Data". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved March 18, 2022.
- ^ a b "City and Town Population Totals: 2020-2021". United States Census Bureau. June 22, 2022. Retrieved June 22, 2022.
- ^ "Ephrata". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior.
- ^ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Archived from the original on May 31, 2011. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
- ^ "City of Ephrata website". Archived from the original on January 10, 2007. Retrieved December 4, 2006.
- ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on January 10, 2007. Retrieved December 4, 2006.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ "CBS News | Boys Next Door". www.cbsnews.com. Archived from the original on August 15, 2005.
- ^ "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. February 12, 2011. Retrieved April 23, 2011.
- ^ "US Gazetteer files 2010". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on January 12, 2012. Retrieved December 19, 2012.
- ^ Climate Summary for Ephrata, WA
- ^ United States Census Bureau. "Census of Population and Housing". Retrieved October 2, 2013.
- ^ "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved December 19, 2012.
- ^ Washington State Department of Transportation (2014). Washington State Highways, 2014–2015 (PDF) (Map). 1:842,000. Olympia: Washington State Department of Transportation. Retrieved August 29, 2024.
- ^ Miller, R. Hans (August 1, 2024). "Port of Ephrata moves forward with jet fuel installation". Columbia Basin Herald. Retrieved August 29, 2024.
- ^ a b Rubin, Richard (August 27, 2024). "4,000 Miles, 6 Small Towns: A Whistle-Stop Tour of America". The New York Times. Retrieved August 29, 2024.
- ^ Schweizer, Cheryl (November 3, 2016). "Grant Transit Authority to celebrate 20th birthday". Columbia Basin Herald. Retrieved August 29, 2024.
- ^ Freeze, Christopher (April 2017). "The Time a Stolen Helicopter Landed on the White House Lawn". Air & Space/Smithsonian. Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved March 14, 2020.
- ^ Clarke, Olivia (January 27, 2003). "Morning Radio Voices". Arizona Daily Star. p. E1. Retrieved March 14, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ Dininny, Shannon (April 15, 2006). "Teenager describes killing of playmate". The Spokesman-Review. Associated Press. Retrieved March 14, 2020.
- ^ Oliver, Myrna (February 5, 2002). "Obituaries: Baxter Ward, 82; Political Maverick". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved March 14, 2020.
- ^ Van Sickel, Charlie (September 13, 1978). "No Surprise in Ephrata". Spokane Daily Chronicle. p. 29. Retrieved March 14, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
External links
[edit]
Municipalities and communities of Grant County, Washington, United States | ||
|---|---|---|
| Cities |  | |
| Towns | ||
| CDPs | ||
| Other communities | ||
| Ghost towns | ||
| Footnotes | ‡This populated place also has portions in an adjacent county or counties | |
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
